systemd-analyze: option to exit with an error when 'verify' fails

The commit introduces a callback invoked from log_syntax_internal.
Use it from systemd-analyze to gather a list of units that contain
syntax warnings. A new command line option is added to make use of this.

The new option --recursive-errors takes in three possible modes:

1. yes - which is the default. systemd-analyze exits with an error when syntax warnings arise during verification of the
	 specified units or any of their dependencies.
3. no - systemd-analyze exits with an error when syntax warnings arise during verification of only the selected unit.
	Analyzing and loading any dependencies will be skipped.
4. one - systemd-analyze exits with an error when syntax warnings arise during verification
	 of only the selected units and their direct dependencies.

Below are two service unit files that I created for the purposes of testing:

1. First, we run the commands on a unit that does not have dependencies but has a non-existing key-value setting (i.e. foo = bar).

> cat <<EOF>testcase.service

[Unit]
foo = bar

[Service]
ExecStart = echo hello
EOF

OUTPUT:

maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (log-error)$ sudo build/systemd-analyze verify testcase.service
/home/maanya-goenka/systemd/testcase.service:2: Unknown key name 'foo' in section 'Unit', ignoring.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/plymouth-start.service:15: Unit configured to use KillMode=none. This is unsafe, as it disables systemd's process lifecycle management for the service. Please update your service to use a safer KillMode=, such as 'mixed' or 'control-group'. Support for KillMode=none is deprecated and will eventually be removed.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/dbus.socket:5: ListenStream= references a path below legacy directory /var/run/, updating /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket → /run/dbus/system_bus_socket; please update the unit file accordingly.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/gdm.service:30: Standard output type syslog is obsolete, automatically updating to journal. Please update your unit file, and consider removing the setting altogether.
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (log-error)$ echo $?
1

maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (log-error)$ sudo build/systemd-analyze verify --recursive-errors=yes testcase.service
/home/maanya-goenka/systemd/testcase.service:2: Unknown key name 'foo' in section 'Unit', ignoring.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/plymouth-start.service:15: Unit configured to use KillMode=none. This is unsafe, as it disables systemd's process lifecycle management for the service. Please update your service to use a safer KillMode=, such as 'mixed' or 'control-group'. Support for KillMode=none is deprecated and will eventually be removed.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/dbus.socket:5: ListenStream= references a path below legacy directory /var/run/, updating /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket → /run/dbus/system_bus_socket; please update the unit file accordingly.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/gdm.service:30: Standard output type syslog is obsolete, automatically updating to journal. Please update your unit file, and consider removing the setting altogether.
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (log-error)$ echo $?
1

maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (log-error)$ sudo build/systemd-analyze verify --recursive-errors=no testcase.service
/home/maanya-goenka/systemd/testcase.service:2: Unknown key name 'foo' in section 'Unit', ignoring.
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (log-error)$ echo $?
1

maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (log-error)$ sudo build/systemd-analyze verify --recursive-errors=one testcase.service
/home/maanya-goenka/systemd/testcase.service:2: Unknown key name 'foo' in section 'Unit', ignoring.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/plymouth-start.service:15: Unit configured to use KillMode=none. This is unsafe, as it disables systemd's process lifecycle management for the service. Please update your service to use a safer KillMode=, such as 'mixed' or 'control-group'. Support for KillMode=none is deprecated and will eventually be removed.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/dbus.socket:5: ListenStream= references a path below legacy directory /var/run/, updating /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket → /run/dbus/system_bus_socket; please update the unit file accordingly.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/gdm.service:30: Standard output type syslog is obsolete, automatically updating to journal. Please update your unit file, and consider removing the setting altogether.
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (log-error)$ echo $?
1

2. Next, we run the commands on a unit that is syntactically valid but has a non-existing dependency (i.e. foo2.service)

> cat <<EOF>foobar.service

[Unit]
Requires = foo2.service

[Service]
ExecStart = echo hello
EOF

OUTPUT:

maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (log-error)$ sudo build/systemd-analyze verify foobar.service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/plymouth-start.service:15: Unit configured to use KillMode=none. This is unsafe, as it disables systemd's process lifecycle management for the service. Please update your service to use a safer KillMode=, such as 'mixed' or 'control-group'. Support for KillMode=none is deprecated and will eventually be removed.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/dbus.socket:5: ListenStream= references a path below legacy directory /var/run/, updating /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket → /run/dbus/system_bus_socket; please update the unit file accordingly.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/gdm.service:30: Standard output type syslog is obsolete, automatically updating to journal. Please update your unit file, and consider removing the setting altogether.
foobar.service: Failed to create foobar.service/start: Unit foo2.service not found.
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (log-error)$ echo $?
1

maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (log-error)$ sudo build/systemd-analyze verify --recursive-errors=yes foobar.service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/plymouth-start.service:15: Unit configured to use KillMode=none. This is unsafe, as it disables systemd's process lifecycle management for the service. Please update your service to use a safer KillMode=, such as 'mixed' or 'control-group'. Support for KillMode=none is deprecated and will eventually be removed.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/dbus.socket:5: ListenStream= references a path below legacy directory /var/run/, updating /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket → /run/dbus/system_bus_socket; please update the unit file accordingly.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/gdm.service:30: Standard output type syslog is obsolete, automatically updating to journal. Please update your unit file, and consider removing the setting altogether.
foobar.service: Failed to create foobar.service/start: Unit foo2.service not found.
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (log-error)$ echo $?
1

maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (log-error)$ sudo build/systemd-analyze verify --recursive-errors=no foobar.service
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (log-error)$ echo $?
0

maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (log-error)$ sudo build/systemd-analyze verify --recursive-errors=one foobar.service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/plymouth-start.service:15: Unit configured to use KillMode=none. This is unsafe, as it disables systemd's process lifecycle management for the service. Please update your service to use a safer KillMode=, such as 'mixed' or 'control-group'. Support for KillMode=none is deprecated and will eventually be removed.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/dbus.socket:5: ListenStream= references a path below legacy directory /var/run/, updating /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket → /run/dbus/system_bus_socket; please update the unit file accordingly.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/gdm.service:30: Standard output type syslog is obsolete, automatically updating to journal. Please update your unit file, and consider removing the setting altogether.
foobar.service: Failed to create foobar.service/start: Unit foo2.service not found.
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (log-error)$ echo $?
1

src/basic/log.c

@@ -39,6 +39,9 @@
 
 #define SNDBUF_SIZE (8*1024*1024)
 
+static log_syntax_callback_t log_syntax_callback = NULL;
+static void *log_syntax_callback_userdata = NULL;
+
 static LogTarget log_target = LOG_TARGET_CONSOLE;
 static int log_max_level = LOG_INFO;
 static int log_facility = LOG_DAEMON;
@@ -1341,6 +1344,14 @@ void log_received_signal(int level, const struct signalfd_siginfo *si) {
                          signal_to_string(si->ssi_signo));
 }
 
+void set_log_syntax_callback(log_syntax_callback_t cb, void *userdata) {
+        assert(!log_syntax_callback || !cb);
+        assert(!log_syntax_callback_userdata || !userdata);
+
+        log_syntax_callback = cb;
+        log_syntax_callback_userdata = userdata;
+}
+
 int log_syntax_internal(
                 const char *unit,
                 int level,
@@ -1352,6 +1363,9 @@ int log_syntax_internal(
                 const char *func,
                 const char *format, ...) {
 
+        if (log_syntax_callback)
+                log_syntax_callback(unit, level, log_syntax_callback_userdata);
+
         PROTECT_ERRNO;
         char buffer[LINE_MAX];
         va_list ap;

src/basic/log.h

@@ -32,6 +32,15 @@ typedef enum LogTarget{
 #define IS_SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(val)             ((val) >> 30 & 1)
 #define ERRNO_VALUE(val)                    (abs(val) & 255)
 
+/* The callback function to be invoked when syntax warnings are seen
+ * in the unit files. */
+typedef void (*log_syntax_callback_t)(const char *unit, int level, void *userdata);
+void set_log_syntax_callback(log_syntax_callback_t cb, void *userdata);
+
+static inline void clear_log_syntax_callback(dummy_t *dummy) {
+          set_log_syntax_callback(/* cb= */ NULL, /* userdata= */ NULL);
+}
+
 const char *log_target_to_string(LogTarget target) _const_;
 LogTarget log_target_from_string(const char *s) _pure_;
 void log_set_target(LogTarget target);

src/basic/macro.h

@@ -483,4 +483,10 @@ static inline size_t size_add(size_t x, size_t y) {
         return y >= SIZE_MAX - x ? SIZE_MAX : x + y;
 }
 
+typedef struct {
+        int _empty[0];
+} dummy_t;
+
+assert_cc(sizeof(dummy_t) == 0);
+
 #include "log.h"