From 70b392613f30d3e8b506ec832f120d18a994ce2b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "D. Ben Knoble" Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 07:56:24 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 1/3] meson: expose knob for xmlto relative links in manuals MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Makefile-based builds have had this knob for most of the project's life, since a479a564dc (Documentation/Makefile: allow man.base.url.for.relative.link to be set from Make, 2009-12-03). Meson, however, hard-codes the equivalent of $prefix/$mandir, which is not really where all the HTML docs are stored in most distro builds. Plus, this value is missing a trailing slash, so links come out broken, like this in git.1: 1. Git User’s Manual /usr/share/manuser-manual.html Of course we can do better: 1. Change the default to match Make: use file://$(htmldir)/ (with trailing slash!) to form a local URL pointing at the HTML docs. This is safe because all current uses of link: point at HTML docs: git grep 'link:[[:alnum:]]' Documentation | grep -ve html -e http produces only a single result (Documentation/howto/howto-index.sh) which can be ignored. Since nothing else [*] in the normal build sets MAN_BASE_URL, this seems like the right default. 2. Provide a configurable knob, just like the Makefile, so distributions that build with Meson (like Gentoo) can decide where to make the links if they need to. Those that set htmldir probably won't need to tweak this any further, though. [*]: Well, Git's todo branch has a script dodoc.sh to build and archive docs for kernel.org; these docs are pulled by Homebrew installations, for example. It sets MAN_BASE_URL to "git_htmldocs", so the equivalent note on macOS + Homebrew is 1. Git User’s Manual git-htmldocs/user-manual.html which is not functional either, but that's a problem for downstream. In any case, users can recover the right path with "git --html-path". Signed-off-by: D. Ben Knoble Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano --- Documentation/meson.build | 7 ++++++- meson_options.txt | 2 ++ 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/Documentation/meson.build b/Documentation/meson.build index f4854f802d..cfa9c67609 100644 --- a/Documentation/meson.build +++ b/Documentation/meson.build @@ -379,13 +379,18 @@ foreach manpage, category : manpages output: fs.stem(manpage) + '.xml', ) + man_base_url = 'file://' + htmldir + '/' + if get_option('man_base_url') != '' + man_base_url = get_option('man_base_url') + endif + doc_targets += custom_target( command: [ xmlto, '-m', '@INPUT0@', '-m', '@INPUT1@', '--stringparam', - 'man.base.url.for.relative.links=' + get_option('prefix') / get_option('mandir'), + 'man.base.url.for.relative.links=' + man_base_url, 'man', manpage_xml_target, '-o', diff --git a/meson_options.txt b/meson_options.txt index dc88f130d7..d590c21648 100644 --- a/meson_options.txt +++ b/meson_options.txt @@ -111,6 +111,8 @@ option('default_help_format', type: 'combo', choices: ['man', 'html', 'platform' description: 'Default format used when executing git-help(1).') option('docs_backend', type: 'combo', choices: ['asciidoc', 'asciidoctor', 'auto'], value: 'auto', description: 'Which backend to use to generate documentation.') +option('man_base_url', type: 'string', value: '', + description: 'The base URL to use for relative links in manuals') # Testing. option('benchmarks', type: 'feature', value: 'auto', From e701eca337bf469696c452e1521c72ef621dc13e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "D. Ben Knoble" Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 07:56:25 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 2/3] environment: align repo_config_values_init with struct declaration The order of assignments in repo_config_values_init is chaotic and hard to follow, especially when comparing with the struct definition to ensure all members are initialized. As new members will be added in the future, make it easier to validate changes by aligning the two. Refactor assignment order with no behavioral changes. Signed-off-by: D. Ben Knoble Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano --- environment.c | 19 ++++++++++++------- 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/environment.c b/environment.c index 76ee65e62b..6676e6f5ae 100644 --- a/environment.c +++ b/environment.c @@ -745,6 +745,7 @@ int git_default_config(const char *var, const char *value, void repo_config_values_init(struct repo_config_values *cfg) { + /* section "core" config values */ cfg->attributes_file = NULL; cfg->excludes_file = NULL; cfg->editor_program = NULL; @@ -756,20 +757,24 @@ void repo_config_values_init(struct repo_config_values *cfg) cfg->autorebase = AUTOREBASE_NEVER; cfg->object_creation_mode = OBJECT_CREATION_MODE; cfg->apply_sparse_checkout = 0; - cfg->protect_hfs = PROTECT_HFS_DEFAULT; - cfg->protect_ntfs = PROTECT_NTFS_DEFAULT; - cfg->ignore_case = 0; - cfg->trust_executable_bit = 1; - cfg->has_symlinks = platform_has_symlinks(); - cfg->branch_track = BRANCH_TRACK_REMOTE; cfg->trust_ctime = 1; cfg->check_stat = 1; cfg->zlib_compression_level = Z_BEST_SPEED; cfg->pack_compression_level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION; cfg->precomposed_unicode = -1; /* see probe_utf8_pathname_composition() */ cfg->core_sparse_checkout_cone = 0; - cfg->sparse_expect_files_outside_of_patterns = 0; cfg->warn_on_object_refname_ambiguity = 1; + cfg->protect_hfs = PROTECT_HFS_DEFAULT; + cfg->protect_ntfs = PROTECT_NTFS_DEFAULT; + cfg->ignore_case = 0; + cfg->trust_executable_bit = 1; + cfg->has_symlinks = platform_has_symlinks(); + + /* section "sparse" config values */ + cfg->sparse_expect_files_outside_of_patterns = 0; + + /* section "branch" config values */ + cfg->branch_track = BRANCH_TRACK_REMOTE; } void repo_config_values_clear(struct repo_config_values *cfg) From 48a0dfc9130fedd51d435980e6b63b831781432a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "D. Ben Knoble" Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 07:56:26 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 3/3] core: convert build-time USE_NSEC into runtime core.useNanosec Racy Git problems persist today, manifesting themselves in the performance of commands like "git diff" in new worktrees [1]. We have long had a build knob "USE_NSEC" to tell Git to use in-core nanosecond precision when available, which mitigates most if not all racy issues, but most builds we know about it don't use it. In part, that's because someone distributing Git can't safely enable it at compile-time if they don't know exactly what platforms their distribution will be used on. [1]: https://lore.kernel.org/git/CALnO6CADMJSixqYvL1Yo8qKX5rWhKQ+2OoSEuPUh-yoeK9TseQ@mail.gmail.com These days, most platforms are likely to be safe for the USE_NSEC code. Regardless, we want to give users the ability to benefit from it. This requires exposing the compile-time gated code as a runtime option. In addition, update the Racy Git documentation and other mentions of USE_NSEC in the code. Best-viewed-with: --ignore-space-change Signed-off-by: D. Ben Knoble Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano --- Documentation/config/core.adoc | 6 ++++++ Documentation/technical/racy-git.adoc | 11 ++++++----- Makefile | 12 +----------- builtin/update-index.c | 2 +- compat/posix.h | 1 - configure.ac | 6 ------ environment.c | 6 ++++++ environment.h | 1 + read-cache.c | 17 +++++++++-------- statinfo.c | 14 +++++++------- 10 files changed, 37 insertions(+), 39 deletions(-) diff --git a/Documentation/config/core.adoc b/Documentation/config/core.adoc index 340329edc3..33104444ab 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/core.adoc +++ b/Documentation/config/core.adoc @@ -118,6 +118,12 @@ core.trustctime:: crawlers and some backup systems). See linkgit:git-update-index[1]. True by default. +core.useNanosec:: + If true, use nanosecond precision for ctime and mtime + comparisions between the index and the working tree (if Git + was compiled to store it). + See link:technical/racy-git.html[Racy Git]. False by default. + core.splitIndex:: If true, the split-index feature of the index will be used. See linkgit:git-update-index[1]. False by default. diff --git a/Documentation/technical/racy-git.adoc b/Documentation/technical/racy-git.adoc index 59bea66c0f..499231585b 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/racy-git.adoc +++ b/Documentation/technical/racy-git.adoc @@ -39,8 +39,8 @@ files) from `st_mode` member, `st_mtime` and `st_ctime` timestamps, `st_uid`, `st_gid`, `st_ino`, and `st_size` members. With a `USE_STDEV` compile-time option, `st_dev` is also compared, but this is not enabled by default because this member -is not stable on network filesystems. With `USE_NSEC` -compile-time option, `st_mtim.tv_nsec` and `st_ctim.tv_nsec` +is not stable on network filesystems. With 'core.useNanosec' +config setting, `st_mtim.tv_nsec` and `st_ctim.tv_nsec` members are also compared. On Linux, this is not enabled by default because in-core timestamps can have finer granularity than on-disk timestamps, resulting in meaningless changes when an @@ -49,9 +49,10 @@ of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tglx/history.git ([PATCH] Sync in core time granularity with filesystems, 2005-01-04). This patch is included in kernel 2.6.11 and newer, but only fixes the issue for file systems with exactly 1 ns or 1 s -resolution. Other file systems are still broken in current Linux -kernels (e.g. CEPH, CIFS, NTFS, UDF), see -https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/5577240D.7020309@gmail.com/ +resolution. As of kernel 4.3, other file systems (CEPH, CIFS, NTFS, UFS, FUSE) +were fixed; see https://public-inbox.org/git/5605D88A.20104%40gmail.com/. FAT +has been fixed since 2015. The usual suspects (ext2, ext4, XFS) are known to +work, too. Racy Git -------- diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile index fac3e8879c..b4ebcb9e83 100644 --- a/Makefile +++ b/Makefile @@ -197,18 +197,11 @@ include shared.mak # Define NO_NORETURN if using buggy versions of gcc 4.6+ and profile feedback, # as the compiler can crash (https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49299) # -# Define USE_NSEC below if you want git to care about sub-second file mtimes -# and ctimes. Note that you need recent glibc (at least 2.2.4) for this. On -# Linux, kernel 2.6.11 or newer is required for reliable sub-second file times -# on file systems with exactly 1 ns or 1 s resolution. If you intend to use Git -# on other file systems (e.g. CEPH, CIFS, NTFS, UDF), don't enable USE_NSEC. See -# Documentation/technical/racy-git.adoc for details. -# # Define USE_ST_TIMESPEC if your "struct stat" uses "st_ctimespec" instead of # "st_ctim" # # Define NO_NSEC if your "struct stat" does not have "st_ctim.tv_nsec" -# available. This automatically turns USE_NSEC off. +# available. # # Define USE_STDEV below if you want git to care about the underlying device # change being considered an inode change from the update-index perspective. @@ -1935,9 +1928,6 @@ endif ifdef NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT endif -ifdef USE_NSEC - BASIC_CFLAGS += -DUSE_NSEC -endif ifdef USE_ST_TIMESPEC BASIC_CFLAGS += -DUSE_ST_TIMESPEC endif diff --git a/builtin/update-index.c b/builtin/update-index.c index 241abd4332..8e0c25655f 100644 --- a/builtin/update-index.c +++ b/builtin/update-index.c @@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ static void xrmdir(const char *path) static void avoid_racy(void) { /* - * not use if we could usleep(10) if USE_NSEC is defined. The + * not use if we could usleep(10) if core.useNanosec is defined. The * field nsec could be there, but the OS could choose to * ignore it? */ diff --git a/compat/posix.h b/compat/posix.h index e2e794cad7..51ee03233b 100644 --- a/compat/posix.h +++ b/compat/posix.h @@ -487,7 +487,6 @@ int git_qsort_s(void *base, size_t nmemb, size_t size, } while (0) #ifdef NO_NSEC -#undef USE_NSEC #define ST_CTIME_NSEC(st) 0 #define ST_MTIME_NSEC(st) 0 #else diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac index cfb50112bf..fc956776ab 100644 --- a/configure.ac +++ b/configure.ac @@ -351,12 +351,6 @@ GIT_PARSE_WITH(iconv)) ## --enable-FEATURE[=ARG] and --disable-FEATURE # -# Define USE_NSEC below if you want git to care about sub-second file mtimes -# and ctimes. Note that you need recent glibc (at least 2.2.4) for this, and -# it will BREAK YOUR LOCAL DIFFS! show-diff and anything using it will likely -# randomly break unless your underlying filesystem supports those sub-second -# times (my ext3 doesn't). -# # Define USE_STDEV below if you want git to care about the underlying device # change being considered an inode change from the update-index perspective. diff --git a/environment.c b/environment.c index 6676e6f5ae..e6a50060e8 100644 --- a/environment.c +++ b/environment.c @@ -571,6 +571,11 @@ int git_default_core_config(const char *var, const char *value, return 0; } + if (!strcmp(var, "core.usenanosec")) { + cfg->use_nanosec = git_config_bool(var, value); + return 0; + } + /* Add other config variables here and to Documentation/config.adoc. */ return platform_core_config(var, value, ctx, cb); } @@ -769,6 +774,7 @@ void repo_config_values_init(struct repo_config_values *cfg) cfg->ignore_case = 0; cfg->trust_executable_bit = 1; cfg->has_symlinks = platform_has_symlinks(); + cfg->use_nanosec = 0; /* section "sparse" config values */ cfg->sparse_expect_files_outside_of_patterns = 0; diff --git a/environment.h b/environment.h index e7ec5b0437..a35534afe5 100644 --- a/environment.h +++ b/environment.h @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ struct repo_config_values { int ignore_case; int trust_executable_bit; int has_symlinks; + int use_nanosec; /* section "sparse" config values */ int sparse_expect_files_outside_of_patterns; diff --git a/read-cache.c b/read-cache.c index 6c449f393d..297646c357 100644 --- a/read-cache.c +++ b/read-cache.c @@ -353,15 +353,16 @@ static int ce_match_stat_basic(const struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st) static int is_racy_stat(const struct index_state *istate, const struct stat_data *sd) { + int use_nsec = 0; + repo_config_get_bool(the_repository, "core.useNanosec", &use_nsec); + return (istate->timestamp.sec && -#ifdef USE_NSEC - /* nanosecond timestamped files can also be racy! */ - (istate->timestamp.sec < sd->sd_mtime.sec || - (istate->timestamp.sec == sd->sd_mtime.sec && - istate->timestamp.nsec <= sd->sd_mtime.nsec)) -#else - istate->timestamp.sec <= sd->sd_mtime.sec -#endif + /* nanosecond timestamped files can also be racy! */ + use_nsec + ? (istate->timestamp.sec < sd->sd_mtime.sec || + (istate->timestamp.sec == sd->sd_mtime.sec && + istate->timestamp.nsec <= sd->sd_mtime.nsec)) + : istate->timestamp.sec <= sd->sd_mtime.sec ); } diff --git a/statinfo.c b/statinfo.c index 5e00af127d..d9ddcf9382 100644 --- a/statinfo.c +++ b/statinfo.c @@ -72,13 +72,13 @@ int match_stat_data(const struct stat_data *sd, struct stat *st) sd->sd_ctime.sec != (unsigned int)st->st_ctime) changed |= CTIME_CHANGED; -#ifdef USE_NSEC - if (cfg->check_stat && sd->sd_mtime.nsec != ST_MTIME_NSEC(*st)) - changed |= MTIME_CHANGED; - if (cfg->trust_ctime && cfg->check_stat && - sd->sd_ctime.nsec != ST_CTIME_NSEC(*st)) - changed |= CTIME_CHANGED; -#endif + if (cfg->use_nanosec) { + if (cfg->check_stat && sd->sd_mtime.nsec != ST_MTIME_NSEC(*st)) + changed |= MTIME_CHANGED; + if (cfg->trust_ctime && cfg->check_stat && + sd->sd_ctime.nsec != ST_CTIME_NSEC(*st)) + changed |= CTIME_CHANGED; + } if (cfg->check_stat) { if (sd->sd_uid != (unsigned int) st->st_uid ||