diff --git a/Help/command/find_package.rst b/Help/command/find_package.rst
index b1853fa249..f243fc81b1 100644
--- a/Help/command/find_package.rst
+++ b/Help/command/find_package.rst
@@ -103,6 +103,12 @@ The command has a few modes by which it searches for packages:
   version files is considerably more complicated than for Module mode
   (see :ref:`search procedure`).
 
+  .. versionadded:: 4.6
+    CMake may search for CPS files in locations that do not conform with the
+    `Package Searching`_ procedures for CPS. The
+    :diagnostic:`CMD_CPS_NON_CONFORMING_LOCATION` diagnostic can be enabled to
+    detect when a CPS file is read from a non-conforming location.
+
   The config and version files are typically installed as part of the
   package, so they tend to be more reliable than Find modules.  They usually
   contain direct knowledge of the package contents, so no searching or
@@ -1035,3 +1041,5 @@ found.
 
 .. _cps-version_schema: https://cps-org.github.io/cps/schema.html#version-schema
 .. |cps-version_schema| replace:: ``version_schema``
+
+.. _`Package Searching`: https://cps-org.github.io/cps/searching.html
diff --git a/Help/diagnostic/CMD_CPS_NON_CONFORMING_LOCATION.rst b/Help/diagnostic/CMD_CPS_NON_CONFORMING_LOCATION.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7664eee16f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Help/diagnostic/CMD_CPS_NON_CONFORMING_LOCATION.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+CMD_CPS_NON_CONFORMING_LOCATION
+-------------------------------
+
+.. versionadded:: 4.6
+
+.. diagnostic::
+  :default: ignore
+  :parent: CMD_AUTHOR
+
+  Warn if :command:`find_package` finds a CPS package from a location that does
+  not conform to the CPS specification for `Package Searching`_.  This may
+  happen because CMake searches for packages in more locations than are
+  officially specified by CPS.  If the severity level is ``SEND_ERROR`` or
+  higher, CMake will not cache the package location and subsequent configure
+  attempts will also fail.  Otherwise, the diagnostic is only emitted when CMake
+  initially discovers the package.
+
+.. _`Package Searching`: https://cps-org.github.io/cps/searching.html
diff --git a/Help/manual/cmake-diagnostics.7.rst b/Help/manual/cmake-diagnostics.7.rst
index d87a5f8177..0cad76e324 100644
--- a/Help/manual/cmake-diagnostics.7.rst
+++ b/Help/manual/cmake-diagnostics.7.rst
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@ The following categories are defined:
    :maxdepth: 1
 
    /diagnostic/CMD_AUTHOR
+   /diagnostic/CMD_CPS_NON_CONFORMING_LOCATION
    /diagnostic/CMD_DEPRECATED
    /diagnostic/CMD_EXPERIMENTAL
    /diagnostic/CMD_INSTALL_ABSOLUTE_DESTINATION
diff --git a/Help/manual/cmake-presets.7.rst b/Help/manual/cmake-presets.7.rst
index e0c50dd419..06e0f69e99 100644
--- a/Help/manual/cmake-presets.7.rst
+++ b/Help/manual/cmake-presets.7.rst
@@ -529,6 +529,15 @@ they were added and a summary of the new features and changes is given below.
 
       * The ``${configurePresetName}`` macro was added.
 
+  ``14``
+    .. versionadded:: 4.6
+
+    * Changes to `Configure Presets <Configure Preset_>`_:
+
+      * The ``cpsNonConformingLocation`` field was added to
+        :preset:`configurePresets.warnings` and
+        :preset:`configurePresets.errors`.
+
 Schema
 ======
 
diff --git a/Help/manual/presets/errors-properties.rst b/Help/manual/presets/errors-properties.rst
index 494ff6e385..d147573229 100644
--- a/Help/manual/presets/errors-properties.rst
+++ b/Help/manual/presets/errors-properties.rst
@@ -10,6 +10,15 @@
   :cmake-option:`-Wno-error=author` on the command line.
   This may not be set to ``true`` if ``warnings.author`` is set to ``false``.
 
+.. _`CMakePresets.configurePresets.errors.cpsNonConformingLocation`:
+
+``cpsNonConformingLocation``
+  .. presets-versionadded:: 14
+
+  An optional boolean. Equivalent to passing :cmake-option:`-Werror=cps-non-conforming-location` or
+  :cmake-option:`-Wno-error=cps-non-conforming-location` on the command line.
+  This may not be set to ``true`` if ``warnings.cpsNonConformingLocation`` is set to ``false``.
+
 .. _`CMakePresets.configurePresets.errors.deprecated`:
 
 ``deprecated``
diff --git a/Help/manual/presets/schema.json b/Help/manual/presets/schema.json
index 5ebce72f2c..56510046fd 100644
--- a/Help/manual/presets/schema.json
+++ b/Help/manual/presets/schema.json
@@ -480,6 +480,50 @@
         "version"
       ],
       "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "The presets specify the generator and the build directory, and optionally an array of variables and other arguments to pass to CMake.",
+      "properties": {
+        "$schema": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/$schema@v8.."
+        },
+        "version": {
+          "type": "integer",
+          "description": "A required integer representing the version of the JSON schema.",
+          "const": 14
+        },
+        "cmakeMinimumRequired": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/cmakeMinimumRequired@v10.."
+        },
+        "include": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/include@v4.."
+        },
+        "vendor": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/vendor@v1.."
+        },
+        "configurePresets": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets@v14"
+        },
+        "buildPresets": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/buildPresets@v10.."
+        },
+        "testPresets": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/testPresets@v12.."
+        },
+        "packagePresets": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/packagePresets@v10.."
+        },
+        "workflowPresets": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/workflowPresets@v10.."
+        },
+        "$comment": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/$comment@v10.."
+        }
+      },
+      "required": [
+        "version"
+      ],
+      "additionalProperties": false
     }
   ],
   "required": [
@@ -1017,6 +1061,86 @@
         ]
       }
     },
+    "configurePresets@v14": {
+      "type": "array",
+      "description": "An optional array of configure preset objects.",
+      "items": {
+        "type": "object",
+        "description": "A configure preset object.",
+        "unevaluatedProperties": false,
+        "properties": {
+          "name": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.name@v1.."
+          },
+          "hidden": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.hidden@v1.."
+          },
+          "inherits": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.inherits@v1.."
+          },
+          "condition": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.condition@v10.."
+          },
+          "vendor": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.vendor@v1.."
+          },
+          "displayName": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.displayName@v1.."
+          },
+          "description": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.description@v1.."
+          },
+          "generator": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.generator@v3.."
+          },
+          "architecture": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.architecture@v10.."
+          },
+          "toolset": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.toolset@v10.."
+          },
+          "toolchainFile": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.toolchainFile@v3.."
+          },
+          "graphviz": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.graphviz@v10.."
+          },
+          "binaryDir": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.binaryDir@v3.."
+          },
+          "installDir": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.installDir@v3.."
+          },
+          "cmakeExecutable": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.cmakeExecutable@v1.."
+          },
+          "cacheVariables": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.cacheVariables@v10.."
+          },
+          "environment": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.environment@v1.."
+          },
+          "warnings": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.warnings@v14"
+          },
+          "errors": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.errors@v14"
+          },
+          "debug": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.debug@v10.."
+          },
+          "trace": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.trace@v10.."
+          },
+          "$comment": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/$comment@v10.."
+          }
+        },
+        "required": [
+          "name"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
     "configurePresets.name@v1..": {
       "type": "string",
       "minLength": 1,
@@ -1451,13 +1575,56 @@
           "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.warnings.installAbsoluteDestination@v12.."
         },
         "nonTargetDirective": {
-          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.warnings.nonTargetDirective@v13"
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.warnings.nonTargetDirective@v13.."
         },
         "policy": {
           "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.warnings.policy@v12.."
         },
         "strict": {
-          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.warnings.strict@v13"
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.warnings.strict@v13.."
+        },
+        "uninitialized": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.warnings.uninitialized@v1.."
+        },
+        "unusedCli": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.warnings.unusedCli@v1.."
+        },
+        "systemVars": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.warnings.systemVars@v1.."
+        },
+        "$comment": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/$comment@v10.."
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "configurePresets.warnings@v14": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "description": "An optional object specifying the warnings to enable.",
+      "unevaluatedProperties": false,
+      "properties": {
+        "author": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.warnings.author@v12.."
+        },
+        "cpsNonConformingLocation": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.warnings.cpsNonConformingLocation@v14"
+        },
+        "deprecated": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.warnings.deprecated@v1.."
+        },
+        "experimental": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.warnings.experimental@v12.."
+        },
+        "installAbsoluteDestination": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.warnings.installAbsoluteDestination@v12.."
+        },
+        "nonTargetDirective": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.warnings.nonTargetDirective@v13.."
+        },
+        "policy": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.warnings.policy@v12.."
+        },
+        "strict": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.warnings.strict@v13.."
         },
         "uninitialized": {
           "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.warnings.uninitialized@v1.."
@@ -1477,6 +1644,10 @@
       "type": "boolean",
       "description": "An optional boolean. Equivalent to passing -Wauthor or -Wno-author on the command line. This may not be set to false if errors.author is set to true."
     },
+    "configurePresets.warnings.cpsNonConformingLocation@v14": {
+      "type": "boolean",
+      "description": "An optional boolean. Equivalent to passing -Wcps-non-conforming-location or -Wno-cps-non-conforming-location on the command line. This may not be set to false if errors.cpsNonConformingLocation is set to true."
+    },
     "configurePresets.warnings.deprecated@v1..": {
       "type": "boolean",
       "description": "An optional boolean. Equivalent to passing -Wdeprecated or -Wno-deprecated on the command line. This may not be set to false if errors.deprecated is set to true."
@@ -1493,7 +1664,7 @@
       "type": "boolean",
       "description": "An optional boolean. Equivalent to passing -Winstall-absolute-destination or -Wno-install-absolute-destination on the command line. This may not be set to false if errors.installAbsoluteDestination is set to true."
     },
-    "configurePresets.warnings.nonTargetDirective@v13": {
+    "configurePresets.warnings.nonTargetDirective@v13..": {
       "type": "boolean",
       "description": "An optional boolean. Equivalent to passing -Wnon-target-directive or -Wno-non-target-directive on the command line. This may not be set to false if errors.nonTargetDirective is set to true."
     },
@@ -1501,7 +1672,7 @@
       "type": "boolean",
       "description": "An optional boolean. Equivalent to passing -Wpolicy or -Wno-policy on the command line. This may not be set to false if errors.policy is set to true."
     },
-    "configurePresets.warnings.strict@v13": {
+    "configurePresets.warnings.strict@v13..": {
       "type": "boolean",
       "description": "An optional boolean. Equivalent to passing -Wstrict or -Wno-strict on the command line. This may not be set to false if errors.strict is set to true."
     },
@@ -1595,13 +1766,53 @@
           "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.errors.installAbsoluteDestination@v12.."
         },
         "nonTargetDirective": {
-          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.errors.nonTargetDirective@v13"
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.errors.nonTargetDirective@v13.."
         },
         "policy": {
           "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.errors.policy@v12.."
         },
         "strict": {
-          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.errors.strict@v13"
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.errors.strict@v13.."
+        },
+        "uninitialized": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.errors.uninitialized@v12.."
+        },
+        "unusedCli": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.errors.unusedCli@v12.."
+        },
+        "$comment": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/$comment@v10.."
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "configurePresets.errors@v14": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "description": "An optional object specifying the errors to enable.",
+      "unevaluatedProperties": false,
+      "properties": {
+        "author": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.errors.author@v12.."
+        },
+        "cpsNonConformingLocation": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.errors.cpsNonConformingLocation@v14"
+        },
+        "deprecated": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.errors.deprecated@v1.."
+        },
+        "experimental": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.errors.experimental@v12.."
+        },
+        "installAbsoluteDestination": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.errors.installAbsoluteDestination@v12.."
+        },
+        "nonTargetDirective": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.errors.nonTargetDirective@v13.."
+        },
+        "policy": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.errors.policy@v12.."
+        },
+        "strict": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.errors.strict@v13.."
         },
         "uninitialized": {
           "$ref": "#/definitions/configurePresets.errors.uninitialized@v12.."
@@ -1618,6 +1829,10 @@
       "type": "boolean",
       "description": "An optional boolean. Equivalent to passing -Werror=author or -Wno-error=author on the command line. This may not be set to true if warnings.author is set to false."
     },
+    "configurePresets.errors.cpsNonConformingLocation@v14": {
+      "type": "boolean",
+      "description": "An optional boolean. Equivalent to passing -Werror=cps-non-conforming-location or -Wno-error=cps-non-conforming-location on the command line. This may not be set to true if warnings.cpsNonConformingLocation is set to false."
+    },
     "configurePresets.errors.deprecated@v1..": {
       "type": "boolean",
       "description": "An optional boolean. Equivalent to passing -Werror=deprecated or -Wno-error=deprecated on the command line. This may not be set to true if warnings.deprecated is set to false."
@@ -1634,7 +1849,7 @@
       "type": "boolean",
       "description": "An optional boolean. Equivalent to passing -Werror=install-absolute-destination or -Wno-error=install-absolute-destination on the command line. This may not be set to true if warnings.installAbsoluteDestination is set to false."
     },
-    "configurePresets.errors.nonTargetDirective@v13": {
+    "configurePresets.errors.nonTargetDirective@v13..": {
       "type": "boolean",
       "description": "An optional boolean. Equivalent to passing -Werror=non-target-directive or -Wno-error=non-target-directive on the command line. This may not be set to true if warnings.nonTargetDirective is set to false."
     },
@@ -1642,7 +1857,7 @@
       "type": "boolean",
       "description": "An optional boolean. Equivalent to passing -Werror=policy or -Wno-error=policy on the command line. This may not be set to true if warnings.policy is set to false."
     },
-    "configurePresets.errors.strict@v13": {
+    "configurePresets.errors.strict@v13..": {
       "type": "boolean",
       "description": "An optional boolean. Equivalent to passing -Werror=strict or -Wno-error=strict on the command line. This may not be set to true if warnings.strict is set to false."
     },
diff --git a/Help/manual/presets/schema.yaml b/Help/manual/presets/schema.yaml
index 195670daca..c35ed7914f 100644
--- a/Help/manual/presets/schema.yaml
+++ b/Help/manual/presets/schema.yaml
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-version: 13
+version: 14
 types:
   - id: condition
     type: variant
diff --git a/Help/manual/presets/warnings-properties.rst b/Help/manual/presets/warnings-properties.rst
index b98c06f1c5..b7e489b9a8 100644
--- a/Help/manual/presets/warnings-properties.rst
+++ b/Help/manual/presets/warnings-properties.rst
@@ -10,6 +10,15 @@
   :option:`-Wno-author <cmake -Wno->` on the command line.
   This may not be set to ``false`` if ``errors.author`` is set to ``true``.
 
+.. _`CMakePresets.configurePresets.warnings.cpsNonConformingLocation`:
+
+``cpsNonConformingLocation``
+  .. presets-versionadded:: 14
+
+  An optional boolean. Equivalent to passing :option:`-Wcps-non-conforming-location <cmake -W>` or
+  :option:`-Wno-cps-non-conforming-location <cmake -Wno->` on the command line.
+  This may not be set to ``false`` if ``errors.cpsNonConformingLocation`` is set to ``true``.
+
 .. _`CMakePresets.configurePresets.warnings.deprecated`:
 
 ``deprecated``
diff --git a/Source/cmDiagnostics.h b/Source/cmDiagnostics.h
index fa3b1960fc..e0c9fa561b 100644
--- a/Source/cmDiagnostics.h
+++ b/Source/cmDiagnostics.h
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 
 #define CM_FOR_EACH_DIAGNOSTIC_TABLE(ACTION, SELECT)                          \
   SELECT(ACTION, Warn, CMD_NONE, CMD_AUTHOR, 12)                              \
+  SELECT(ACTION, Ignore, CMD_AUTHOR, CMD_CPS_NON_CONFORMING_LOCATION, 14)     \
   SELECT(ACTION, Warn, CMD_AUTHOR, CMD_DEPRECATED, 1)                         \
   SELECT(ACTION, Warn, CMD_AUTHOR, CMD_EXPERIMENTAL, 12)                      \
   SELECT(ACTION, Ignore, CMD_AUTHOR, CMD_STRICT, 13)                          \
diff --git a/Source/cmFindPackageCommand.cxx b/Source/cmFindPackageCommand.cxx
index ae374a5221..2bd44be625 100644
--- a/Source/cmFindPackageCommand.cxx
+++ b/Source/cmFindPackageCommand.cxx
@@ -449,6 +449,17 @@ unsigned int parseVersion(std::string const& version, unsigned int& major,
     version.c_str(), "%u.%u.%u.%u", &major, &minor, &patch, &tweak));
 }
 
+// Diagnostic details for CPS locations which are only conforming on specific
+// platforms.
+#ifndef _WIN32
+cm::string_view const kCpsWindowsOnlyLocation =
+  "its directory is only CPS-conforming on Windows platforms"_s;
+#endif
+#ifndef __APPLE__
+cm::string_view const kCpsAppleOnlyLocation =
+  "its directory is only CPS-conforming on Apple platforms"_s;
+#endif
+
 } // anonymous namespace
 
 class cmFindPackageCommand::FlushDebugBufferOnExit
@@ -1976,15 +1987,18 @@ bool cmFindPackageCommand::FindConfig()
     }
   }
 
-  // Store the entry in the cache so it can be set by the user.
-  std::string init;
-  if (found) {
-    init = cmSystemTools::GetFilenamePath(this->FileFound);
-  } else {
-    init = this->Variable + "-NOTFOUND";
+  // If no file location error occurred, store the entry in the cache so it can
+  // be set by the user.
+  if (!this->FileLocationError) {
+    std::string init;
+    if (found) {
+      init = cmSystemTools::GetFilenamePath(this->FileFound);
+    } else {
+      init = this->Variable + "-NOTFOUND";
+    }
+    // We force the value since we do not get here if it was already set.
+    this->SetConfigDirCacheVariable(init);
   }
-  // We force the value since we do not get here if it was already set.
-  this->SetConfigDirCacheVariable(init);
 
   return found;
 }
@@ -2003,6 +2017,26 @@ void cmFindPackageCommand::SetConfigDirCacheVariable(std::string const& value)
   }
 }
 
+void cmFindPackageCommand::IssueCpsLocationDiagnostic(cm::string_view detail)
+{
+  if (detail.empty()) {
+    detail = "its directory is not listed in the CPS specification for "
+             "package searching"_s;
+  }
+  constexpr auto category = cmDiagnostics::CMD_CPS_NON_CONFORMING_LOCATION;
+  this->Makefile->IssueDiagnostic(
+    category,
+    cmStrCat("find_package("_s, this->Name, ") accepted\n  \""_s,
+             this->FileFound, "\"\nbut "_s, detail, '.'));
+
+  // If the diagnostic is treated as an error, mark the file location as
+  // erroneous.
+  if (this->Makefile->GetDiagnosticAction(category) >=
+      cmDiagnostics::SendError) {
+    this->FileLocationError = true;
+  }
+}
+
 bool cmFindPackageCommand::FindPrefixedConfig()
 {
   std::vector<std::string> const& prefixes = this->SearchPaths;
@@ -3333,28 +3367,43 @@ bool cmFindPackageCommand::SearchPrefix(std::string const& prefix)
 
   // PREFIX/(Foo|foo|FOO)/(cps|CPS)/
   if (TryGeneratedPaths(searchFn, pdt::Cps, prefix, cpsPkgDirGen, iCpsGen)) {
+#ifndef _WIN32
+    this->IssueCpsLocationDiagnostic(kCpsWindowsOnlyLocation);
+#endif
     return true;
   }
 
   // PREFIX/(Foo|foo|FOO)/*/(cps|CPS)/
   if (TryGeneratedPaths(searchFn, pdt::Cps, prefix, cpsPkgDirGen, iCpsGen,
                         anyDirGen)) {
+#ifndef _WIN32
+    this->IssueCpsLocationDiagnostic(kCpsWindowsOnlyLocation);
+#endif
     return true;
   }
 
   // PREFIX/(cps|CPS)/(Foo|foo|FOO)/
   if (TryGeneratedPaths(searchFn, pdt::Cps, prefix, iCpsGen, cpsPkgDirGen)) {
+#ifndef _WIN32
+    this->IssueCpsLocationDiagnostic(kCpsWindowsOnlyLocation);
+#endif
     return true;
   }
 
   // PREFIX/(cps|CPS)/(Foo|foo|FOO)/*/
   if (TryGeneratedPaths(searchFn, pdt::Cps, prefix, iCpsGen, cpsPkgDirGen,
                         anyDirGen)) {
+#ifndef _WIN32
+    this->IssueCpsLocationDiagnostic(kCpsWindowsOnlyLocation);
+#endif
     return true;
   }
 
   // PREFIX/(cps|CPS)/ (useful on windows or in build trees)
   if (TryGeneratedPaths(searchFn, pdt::Cps, prefix, iCpsGen)) {
+    // This location does not contain the package name and was removed from the
+    // CPS specification.
+    this->IssueCpsLocationDiagnostic();
     return true;
   }
 
@@ -3426,6 +3475,9 @@ bool cmFindPackageCommand::SearchPrefix(std::string const& prefix)
 
   // PREFIX/(lib/ARCH|lib*|share)/cps/
   if (TryGeneratedPaths(searchFn, pdt::Cps, prefix, commonGen, cpsGen)) {
+    // These locations do not contain the package name and were removed from
+    // the CPS specification.
+    this->IssueCpsLocationDiagnostic();
     return true;
   }
 
@@ -3485,11 +3537,19 @@ bool cmFindPackageCommand::SearchFrameworkPrefix(std::string const& prefix)
   // <prefix>/Foo.framework/Versions/*/Resources/CPS/
   if (TryGeneratedPaths(searchFn, pdt::Cps, prefix, fwGen, vGen, anyGen, rGen,
                         iCpsGen)) {
+#ifndef __APPLE__
+    // Warn if reading CPS from a framework directory on non-Apple platforms.
+    this->IssueCpsLocationDiagnostic(kCpsAppleOnlyLocation);
+#endif
     return true;
   }
 
   // <prefix>/Foo.framework/Resources/CPS/
   if (TryGeneratedPaths(searchFn, pdt::Cps, prefix, fwGen, rGen, iCpsGen)) {
+#ifndef __APPLE__
+    // Warn if reading CPS from a framework directory on non-Apple platforms.
+    this->IssueCpsLocationDiagnostic(kCpsAppleOnlyLocation);
+#endif
     return true;
   }
 
@@ -3530,6 +3590,10 @@ bool cmFindPackageCommand::SearchAppBundlePrefix(std::string const& prefix)
   // <prefix>/Foo.app/Contents/Resources/CPS/
   if (TryGeneratedPaths(searchFn, pdt::Cps, prefix, appGen, crGen,
                         cmCaseInsensitiveDirectoryListGenerator{ "cps"_s })) {
+#ifndef __APPLE__
+    // Warn if reading CPS from an app bundle on non-Apple platforms.
+    this->IssueCpsLocationDiagnostic(kCpsAppleOnlyLocation);
+#endif
     return true;
   }
 
diff --git a/Source/cmFindPackageCommand.h b/Source/cmFindPackageCommand.h
index 7c7166648d..0b3f42ae4c 100644
--- a/Source/cmFindPackageCommand.h
+++ b/Source/cmFindPackageCommand.h
@@ -174,6 +174,9 @@ private:
   void StoreVersionFound();
   void SetConfigDirCacheVariable(std::string const& value);
 
+  // Emit a diagnostic for a CPS file found in a non-conforming location.
+  void IssueCpsLocationDiagnostic(cm::string_view detail = {});
+
   void PushFindPackageRootPathStack();
   void PopFindPackageRootPathStack();
   class PushPopRootPathStack;
@@ -252,6 +255,7 @@ private:
   bool VersionExact = false;
   std::string FileFound;
   FoundPackageMode FileFoundMode = FoundPackageMode::None;
+  bool FileLocationError = false;
   std::string VersionFound;
   unsigned int VersionFoundMajor = 0;
   unsigned int VersionFoundMinor = 0;
diff --git a/Tests/RunCMake/find_package-CPS/NonConformingLocation-stderr.txt b/Tests/RunCMake/find_package-CPS/NonConformingLocation-stderr.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..30da2327c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Tests/RunCMake/find_package-CPS/NonConformingLocation-stderr.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+^CMake Warning \(cps-non-conforming-location\) at NonConformingLocation\.cmake:[0-9]+ \(find_package\):
+  find_package\(Trivial\) accepted
+
+    "[^"]*/Tests/RunCMake/find_package-CPS/cps/[Tt]rivial\.cps"
+
+  but its directory is not listed in the CPS specification for package
+  searching\.
+Call Stack \(most recent call first\):
+  CMakeLists\.txt:3 \(include\)
+This warning is for project developers\.  Use -Wno-author or
+-Wno-cps-non-conforming-location to suppress it\.$
diff --git a/Tests/RunCMake/find_package-CPS/NonConformingLocation.cmake b/Tests/RunCMake/find_package-CPS/NonConformingLocation.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6409da33a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Tests/RunCMake/find_package-CPS/NonConformingLocation.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 4.0)
+
+include(Setup.cmake)
+
+# Bump the diagnostic level up for this specific test. This diagnostic is set
+# to ignore by default.
+cmake_diagnostic(SET CMD_CPS_NON_CONFORMING_LOCATION WARN)
+
+# Trivial is in PREFIX/cps/ which is no longer a CPS-conforming search
+# location.
+find_package(Trivial REQUIRED)
diff --git a/Tests/RunCMake/find_package-CPS/RunCMakeTest.cmake b/Tests/RunCMake/find_package-CPS/RunCMakeTest.cmake
index cd4598fb96..bd74426b99 100644
--- a/Tests/RunCMake/find_package-CPS/RunCMakeTest.cmake
+++ b/Tests/RunCMake/find_package-CPS/RunCMakeTest.cmake
@@ -29,6 +29,9 @@ run_cmake(WrongName)
 run_cmake(BadPrefix1)
 run_cmake(BadPrefix2)
 
+# CMD_CPS_NON_CONFORMING_LOCATION test
+run_cmake(NonConformingLocation)
+
 # Version-matching tests
 run_cmake(ExactVersion)
 run_cmake(CompatVersion)
diff --git a/Tests/RunCMake/find_package-CPS/cps/trivial.cps b/Tests/RunCMake/find_package-CPS/cps/trivial.cps
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..978bd7470b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Tests/RunCMake/find_package-CPS/cps/trivial.cps
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+  "cps_version": "0.13",
+  "name": "Trivial",
+  "cps_path": "@prefix@/cps",
+  "components": {}
+}